簡單介紹一下銅線和鋁線的優缺點是什么

       簡單介紹一(yi)下銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的優缺點：相(xiang)同面積，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)比鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)負載大(da)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)比鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)柔韌(ren)性好(hao)(hao)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)比鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電阻率低。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)比鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)穩(wen)定性好(hao)(hao)。但(dan)是(shi)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)價格的3.5倍左右(you)。所以有(you)好(hao)(hao)些人(ren)為了省(sheng)錢(qian)，會選擇用鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，但(dan)是(shi)小編還是(shi)強力(li)推薦銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，這錢(qian)不能省(sheng)！如果有(you)些朋(peng)友，先是(shi)用鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，后來買了銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。那(nei)么(me)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和鋁(lv)可以直接連接嗎？答案：不可以。

  1.銅鋁的電(dian)位不同(tong)，銅鋁接(jie)(jie)觸的部分會由于(yu)原電(dian)池反應加速鋁線(xian)的氧(yang)化，時(shi)間(jian)久了銅鋁接(jie)(jie)頭處會接(jie)(jie)觸不良。要(yao)想接(jie)(jie)在一(yi)起，用(yong)銅鋁過度線(xian)夾或過度線(xian)管。

  2.這(zhe)是一(yi)個化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)問(wen)題，金(jin)(jin)屬的化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)特性有相對活(huo)潑(po)(po)(po)和不活(huo)潑(po)(po)(po)，比(bi)如黃金(jin)(jin)，從(cong)來都不生(sheng)銹(xiu)，這(zhe)就(jiu)說(shuo)明(ming)黃金(jin)(jin)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)不活(huo)潑(po)(po)(po)，鐵(tie)容易生(sheng)銹(xiu)，鐵(tie)就(jiu)比(bi)黃金(jin)(jin)活(huo)潑(po)(po)(po)，如果兩(liang)種(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬放在一(yi)起就(jiu)會(hui)加(jia)速活(huo)潑(po)(po)(po)金(jin)(jin)屬的氧化(hua)(hua)，鋁和銅相比(bi)，鋁比(bi)較活(huo)潑(po)(po)(po)，兩(liang)種(zhong)電纜連接(jie)，會(hui)加(jia)速鋁氧化(hua)(hua)（也(ye)就(jiu)是生(sheng)銹(xiu)），影響使用。

  3.當銅(tong)、鋁導體直接連接時，這兩種金屬的(de)接觸面在(zai)空氣中水分、二(er)氧化碳和其他雜質的(de)作用下極(ji)易形成(cheng)電解液(ye)，從(cong)而形成(cheng)的(de)以鋁為負極(ji)、銅(tong)為正極(ji)的(de)原電池，使(shi)鋁產生電化腐(fu)蝕，造成(cheng)銅(tong)、鋁連接處的(de)接觸電阻(zu)增大。

  另外，由于銅(tong)、鋁的(de)(de)彈性模量和熱(re)膨脹系數相差很大(da)(da)，在運(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)經多次(ci)冷熱(re)循環(通電與斷電)后，會使接觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點處產生(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)間隙而影響接觸(chu)(chu)(chu)，也增(zeng)大(da)(da)了接觸(chu)(chu)(chu)電阻。接觸(chu)(chu)(chu)電阻的(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)(da)，運(yun)行(xing)中(zhong)就會引起溫度升(sheng)高。高溫下腐蝕氧化(hua)就會加劇，產生(sheng)(sheng)惡(e)性循環，使連(lian)接質量進一步惡(e)化(hua)，導致(zhi)接觸(chu)(chu)(chu)點溫度過高甚至會發生(sheng)(sheng)冒煙、燒毀等事(shi)故。

  銅線和(he)鋁線連接(jie)時為什(shen)么用銅鋁過渡線夾?

  1.在(zai)銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)和鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)連接(jie)處所生(sheng)成的灰白色(se)物(wu)質系三氧化二鋁(lv)時間稍長，連接(jie)處接(jie)觸(chu)電阻會(hui)增(zeng)大、發(fa)熱(re)，造成電路時通時斷極易引發(fa)建筑物(wu)火災。所以要(yao)用專用的銅(tong)鋁(lv)過渡線(xian)(xian)夾。避(bi)免產生(sheng)不必要(yao)的麻(ma)煩！

  2.如(ru)果直接(jie)將銅線(xian)和鋁線(xian)鉸到一起(qi)，接(jie)頭很容易(yi)氧化(hua)，導致電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)增大(da)，從(cong)而更容易(yi)燒壞。這種損壞的(de)真正原因(yin)是(shi)鋁元素比(bi)銅元素活躍的(de)多,在銅鋁結合面(mian)將產(chan)生許許多多的(de)微電(dian)(dian)勢(shi)（即微電(dian)(dian)池）,從(cong)而產(chan)生微電(dian)(dian)蝕,時間久了接(jie)觸電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)變大(da)。不要(yao)(yao)接(jie)在一起(qi)，如(ru)果要(yao)(yao)接(jie)的(de)話，也要(yao)(yao)把(ba)它封好，不能讓空氣(qi)和水(shui)進去(qu)。

  3. 在(zai)電(dian)力系統中(zhong)(zhong)，銅(tong)和鋁(lv)直接(jie)連(lian)接(jie)，在(zai)流過電(dian)流時(shi)會(hui)發生電(dian)化腐蝕，因此要采(cai)用銅(tong)鋁(lv)過渡，或(huo)在(zai)接(jie)觸面中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)墊錫(xi)片，有(you)條件再涂一層導(dao)電(dian)膏。普通家庭連(lian)接(jie)時(shi)，可給銅(tong)線(xian)(xian)掛(gua)錫(xi)后再鋁(lv)線(xian)(xian)連(lian)接(jie)，可避免電(dian)化腐蝕。